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The Military Museum of Finland ((フィンランド語:Sotamuseo)) is the central museum of the Finnish Defence Forces and the national special museum of military history. It is located in Helsinki and it is part of the Finnish National Defence University. Military Museums exhibitions in Kruununhaka and Suomenlinna had around 55,000 visitors in 2012. The most popular exhibition space is submarine ''Vesikko'', visited by around 27,000 people annually.〔Melkko, Markku (1999). "Sukellusvene Vesikko", p. 27. Sotamuseon julkaisuja 2/1999, Gummerus Jyväskylä.〕 The Military Museum's task is to collect, preserve, research and display artifacts and other heritage related to the Defence Forces of Finland, to military history and to the history of weaponry. ==History== Military Museum was founded November 25, 1929. The opening ceremony followed October 18, 1930 at Liisankatu, Kruununhaka. Before the foundation Finnish military history was shown to public first in 1908 at Valtion historiallinen museo (The History Museum of the State) and in 1918–1919 at the National Museum. The former exhibition’s theme was The War of 1808–1809 and latter’s Finnish Civil War.〔Huusko, Harri; Saari, Anssi; Haavisto, Lauri."Sotamuseo eilen, nyt, tulevaisuudessa", Museo, 2/2011, pp. 14–17.〕 In January 1930 The Ministry of Defence ordered Military Museum to continue in Suomenlinna Sea Fortress, where bastion Carpelan was reserved to museum’s use. Lieutenant Reijo Wilhelm Palmroth was elected as museum’s manager. The opening ceremony occurred June 11, 1933 and after that museum was seen by around 9254 visitors annually. The exhibition consisted of different arms sections which included jaegers, engineers, arms and navy. There were also civil war collections to be seen.〔Enqvist, Ove; Härö, Mikko (1998). "Varuskunnasta maailmanperinnöksi – Suomenlinnan itsenäisyysajan vaiheet", p. 63. Suomenlinna ry, Uudenkaupungin Sanomat Oy, 1998.〕 Military Museum was closed however in autumn 1939, just before the break out of Winter War against Soviet Union. The items and collections were removed from bastion Carpelan during the war and stored around Finland. The museum office had to also relocate from Helsinki because of the Soviet air bombings in 1944.〔Enqvist, Ove; Härö, Mikko (1998). "Varuskunnasta maailmanperinnöksi – Suomenlinnan itsenäisyysajan vaiheet", p. 63. Suomenlinna ry, Uudenkaupungin Sanomat Oy, 1998.〕 During the Winter War and Continuation War Military Museum organized a series of exhibitions at the Exhibition Hall. The first was Sotasaalisnäyttely (War Looting Exhibition) in February 1940 which was shortly followed by Sotamuistonäyttely (War Memories Exhibition) I and II in 1941. Military Museum organized also touring exhibitions around Finland between 1941 and 1943 and even had exhibitions in Sweden in 1942–43. There were several purposes for these kinds of war exhibitions. It was, for example, a means to gather funds for war invalids and their families, to show how it was to fight on Finnish side at the front and to lift up morale among citizens.〔Huusko, Harri; Saari, Anssi; Haavisto, Lauri. "Sotamuseo eilen, nyt, tulevaisuudessa", Museo, 2/2011, pp. 14–17.〕 1944 was the year of the foundation of Sotamuistoyhdistys, later to be named Suomen sotahistoriallinen seura (The Association for Military History in Finland). The Association is and independent unit but it runs in close relationship with The Military Museum. Its goal is to cherish the memory of Finnish wars in various ways. After the war Military Museum had to manage without exhibition halls for a short period of time. The situation changed when it received a hall at Maurinkatu, Kruununhaka. The Military Museum is now located in a garrison building designed by Evert Lagerspetz in 1883. Military Museum expanded more in the mid-1990s after setting up an exhibition also at Liisankatu. In March 2013, a new permanent exhibition was opened there. Military Museum’s presence in Suomenlinna ceased to be at the brink of Winter War in 1939. The collections in bastion Carpelan were moved to the mainland and later Military Museum had to make way for the Armfelt Museum. However, there had been thoughts and debate about founding a Coastal Artillery Museum and Naval Museum in Suomenlinna in 1946–1948.〔Enqvist, Ove; Härö, Mikko (1998). "Varuskunnasta maailmanperinnöksi – Suomenlinnan itsenäisyysajan vaiheet", p. 202. Suomenlinna ry, Uudenkaupungin Sanomat Oy, 1998.〕 Finally, the Coastal Artillery Museum was opened in December 1948. The exhibition’s time range was from autonomy to the times of independence. The Museum was closed in 2007 because the building was considered too unsound.〔Enqvist, Ove; Härö, Mikko (1998). "Varuskunnasta maailmanperinnöksi – Suomenlinnan itsenäisyysajan vaiheet", p. 204. Suomenlinna ry, Uudenkaupungin Sanomat Oy, 1998.〕 The Naval Museum opened its doors on 6 November 1948 although considerations about the exhibition had been made already in 1923. The exhibition showed Finnish naval defence during her independence era but in the end it didn’t last long. Museum was ordered to close in 1963 due to high moisture and didn’t manage to find new exhibition hall.〔Enqvist, Ove; Härö, Mikko (1998). "Varuskunnasta maailmanperinnöksi – Suomenlinnan itsenäisyysajan vaiheet", p. 205. Suomenlinna ry, Uudenkaupungin Sanomat Oy, 1998.〕 In the 1970s there emerged series of debates about opening Military Museum exhibition again in Suomenlinna in addition to submarine ''Vesikko'', which was had been there as a museum since July 1973. After a number of failures Military Museum managed to gain the permit in August 1980. The Manege, which had been storage for Military Museum since 1974, was constructed to an exhibition hall during 1986–1989. The opening followed June 1, 1989.〔Enqvist, Ove; Härö, Mikko (1998). "Varuskunnasta maailmanperinnöksi – Suomenlinnan itsenäisyysajan vaiheet", p. 203. Suomenlinna ry, Uudenkaupungin Sanomat Oy, 1998.〕 In summer 2011 Military Museum opened a Submarine ''Vesikko'' – special exhibition in addition to current Winter War-, The Continuation War- and Lapland War-exhibition. The Military Museum has organized over 30 special exhibitions during 1962–1984. Among these are for example 40th and 90th anniversaries of the Finnish Defence Forces in 1958 and 2008 respectively and several Winter War exhibitions.〔Saari, Anssi. "Sotamuseo 80 vuotta – museotoimintaa Suomessa sodan ja rauhan oloissa." Sotahistoriallinen Aikakauskirja 28/2009.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Military Museum of Finland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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